Combine the flour, sugar, lemon zest, baking powder, milk powder, and salt in a large bowl. Beat the eggs and add them to the dry ingredients along with the yogurt, lemon juice, milk, and vanilla. Combine the ingredients just until combined.
Carefully drop about 2 tablespoons of the fritter batter into the oil and fry until deep golden brown, about 3 minutes. Remove the fritters with a slotted spoon and drain the excess oil on paper towels. Let cool slightly. Repeat with the remaining batter.
Dust the Meyer lemon fritters generously with powdered sugar. Serve warm.
Notes
If Meyer lemons are unavailable, substitute with regular lemons instead.